Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points

METHODOLOGY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS â€Å"WOODROW WILSON’S FOURTEEN POINTS† By: Astrid Leony Longdong / 043 2010 0004 Dwi Setiawati Endi / 043 2010 0009 Candice Hermawan / 043 2010 0011 Mella Melia / 043 2010 0016 Lecturer: Indra V. A. Krishnamurti, S. Sos, M. Asian St. Date/Day: Thursday, 27th September 2012 [pic] INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITAS PELITA HARAPAN KARAWACI 2012 WOODROW WILSON’S FOURTEEN POINTS 8th President of the United States, Woodrow Wilson, played a very dominant role in the end of World War I with his Fourteen Points, which also known as Wilson’s Fourteen Points. The Fourteen Points as set forth by Wilson can be seen as the following: 1. Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at, after which there shall be no private international understandings of any kind, but diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view. The purpose is clearly to prohibit treaties, sections o f treaties or understandings that are secret.It is proposed that in future every treaty be part of the public law of the world and that every nation assume a certain obligation in regard to its enforcement. Nations cannot assume obligations in matters of which they are ignorant; and therefore any secret treaty tends to undermine the solidity of the whole structure of international covenants which it is proposed to erect. 2. Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, outside territorial waters, alike in peace and in war, except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of international covenants.It refers to navigation under the three following conditions: (1) general peace; (2) a general war, entered into by the League of Nations for the purpose of enforcing international covenants; (3) limited war, involving no breach of international covenants. Simply said, it is meant free navigation of all seas. 3. The removal, so far as possibl e, of all economic barriers and the establishment of an equality of trade conditions among all the nations consenting to the peace and associating themselves for its maintenance.The proposal means the destruction of all special commercial agreements, each putting the trade of every other nation in the League on the same basis, the most-favored-nation clause applying automatically to all members of the League of Nation. This is now what we known as free trade in which all economic barriers between countries will end. 4. Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments will be reduced to the lowest points consistent with domestic safety. â€Å"Domestic safety† clearly implies not only internal policing, but the protection of territory against invasion and the reduction of weapon numbers. . A free, open-minded and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims based upon a strict observance of the principle that in determining all such questions of sovereignty , the interests of the populations concerned must have equal weight with the equitable claims of the government whose title is to be determined. The German colonies and any other colonies which may come under international consideration as a result of the war. The stipulation is that in the case of the German colonies the title is to be determined after the conclusion of the war by â€Å"impartial adjustment† based on certain principles. . The evacuation of all Russian territory and such a settlement of all questions affecting Russia as will secure the best and freest cooperation of the other nations of the world in obtaining for her an unhampered and unembarrassed opportunity for the independent determination of her own political development and national policy and assure her of a sincere welcome into the society of free nations under institutions of her own choosing; and, more than a welcome, assistance also of every kind that she may need and may herself desire.The treatme nt accorded Russia by her sister nations in the months to come will be the acid test of their goodwill, of their comprehension of her needs as distinguished from their own interests, and of their intelligent and unselfish sympathy. The problem of these nationalities is complicated by two facts: (1) that they have conflicting claims; (2) that the evacuation called for in the proposal may be followed by Bolshevist revolutions in all of them. Therefore the evacuating of the territory, if it resulted in class war, would very probably also take the form of a conflict of nationalities.It is clearly to the interests of a good settlement that the real nation in each territory should be consulted rather than the ruling and possessing class. 7. Belgium, the whole world will agree, must be evacuated and restored without any attempt to limit the sovereignty which she enjoys in common with all other free nations. No other single act will serve as this will serve to restore confidence among the n ations in the laws which they have themselves set and determined for the government of their relations with one another.Without this healing act the whole structure and validity of international law is forever impaired. The only problem raised here is in the word â€Å"restored. † The restoration is to be in kind or how the amount of the indemnity is to be determined is a matter of detail, not of principle. Among the consequences may be put the war debt of Belgium. The recognition of this principle would constitute â€Å"the healing act† of which the President speaks. In short, Belgium should be independent as it was before the war. 8.All French territory should be freed and the invaded portions restored, and the wrong done to France by Prussia in 1871 in the matter of Alsace-Lorraine, which has unsettled the peace of the world for nearly fifty years, should be righted in order that peace may once more be made secure in the interest of all. As the world stood in 1914, war between France and Germany was not in itself a violation of international law, and great insistence should be put upon keeping the Belgian case distinct and symbolic. The status of Alsace-Lorraine was settled by the official statement.The best solution would seem to be a free choice by the [people of] Luxembourg themselves. 9. A readjustment of the frontiers of Italy should be effected along clearly recognizable lines of nationality. A conflict with Greece appears through the Greek claim to northern Epirus, or what is now southern Albania. This would bring Greece closer to Valona than Italy desires. A second conflict with Greece occurs over the Aegean Islands of the Dodecanese, but it is understood that a solution favorable to Greece is being worked out.Italy's claims in Turkey belong to the problem of the Turkish Empire. 10. The people of Austria-Hungary, whose place among the nations we wish to see safeguarded and assured, should be accorded the freest opportunity of autonomou s development. The United States is clearly committed to the program of national unity and independence. It must stipulate, however, for the protection of national minorities, for freedom of access to the Adriatic and the Black Sea, and it supports a program aiming at a confederation of Southeastern Europe. 11.Rumania, [Serbia], and Montenegro should be evacuated; occupied territories restored; Serbia accorded free and secure access to the sea; and the relations of the several Balkan states to one another determined by friendly counsel along historically established lines of allegiance and nationality; and international guarantees of the political and economic independence and territorial integrity of the several Balkan states should be entered into. This proposal is also altered by events. Serbia and Rumania wil have 11 or 12 inhabitants and will be far greater and stronger than Bulgaria.Balkan states should be allowed for self-determination and guarantees of independence. 12. The Turkish portions of the present Ottoman Empire should be assured a secure sovereignty, but the other nationalities which are now under Turkish rule should be assured an undoubted security of life and an absolutely unmolested opportunity of autonomous development; and the Dardanelles should be permanently opened as a free passage to the ships and commerce of all nations under international guarantees. A general code of guarantees binding upon all mandataries in Asia Minor should be written into the Treaty of Peace.This should contain provisions for minorities and the â€Å"open door. † The trunk railroad lines should be internationalized. 13. An independent Polish state should be erected which should include the territories inhabited by indisputably Polish populations, which should be assured a free and secure access to the sea, and whose political and economic independence and territorial integrity should be guaranteed by international covenants. The principle on which fronti ers will be [delimited] is contained in the President's word â€Å"indisputably. This may imply the taking of an impartial census before frontiers are marked. The chief problem is whether Poland is to obtain territory west of the Vistula, which would cut off the Germans of East Prussia from the empire, or whether Danzig can be made a free port and the Vistula internationalized. 14. A general association of nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small [states] alike.The principle of a League of Nations as the primary essential of a permanent peace is the foundation of the whole diplomatic structure of a permanent peace in order to guarantee the political and territorial independence of all states. Wilson’s Fourteen Points were well received by the public either home or abroad, but many foreign leaders, such as David Llyoid George, Georges Clemenceau, and Vi ttorio Orlando were very skeptical about it[1]. Those who were skeptical doubted whether it could be effectively applied to the real world.Clearly, from his Fourteen Points alone, in which he issued as a basis for peace on January 1918, Woodrow Wilson was an idealist. Instead of his famous Fourteen Points, the League of Nations and the World War I Peace Treaty were the products of his idealism. Wilson’s idealism, however, was not merely an idealism. It was more to crusading idealism, where his idealistic nature was apparent through his beliefs as a Christian[2]. His idealistic vision, especially Fourteen Points, had motivated the world with the core lists of what we have widely known now as self-determintation of peoples, free trade, disarmament, open diplomacy.Wilson’s thoughts have been enlighted the world in long term, and for most of it, Wilson did not present a way to achieve his goals[3]. So, he basically just lead people through the door he created, but people t hemselves had to figure out the rest of their own. Wilson, like most of the idealists, is characterized by thinking and planning based upon the ideas that are fit for a perfect world, or at least how a world should be perfect in an imperfect world.The only thing with most of idealists, in this case Wilson, was that he got the right and brilliant ideas, but no body’s in his era got his forward-thinking as he was in different state of mind and vision. It is clear that Woodrow Wilson has imprinted a lasting legacy to the world that we now know. His idealism has brought the world into such a dramatic make over in a better and positive way. Though some of his ideas seemed to be failed, like League of Nations for example, but he gave the world of what we call as the very first ideas and inspirations.People learned from his mistakes and made some kind of innovation that was based upon his failures, like the United Nations which was based on the failed League of Nations. So, in concl usion, Woodrow Wilson is one of well-known idealists and the most influential as well. For the world that we now live in and enjoy, it would not be as it is now (with free trade, the United Nations, and the other legacies) if it weren’t because of him. BIBLIOGRAPHY â€Å"Woodrow Wilson-The Idealist Essay†.Free Essay Must Be Free! TM. Retrieved September 26, 2012 from http://essaymania. com/110139/woodrow-wilson-the-idealist Hickman, Kennedy. â€Å"World War I: The Fourteen Points†. About. com Military History. Retrieved September 26, 2012 from http://militaryhistory. about. com/od/worldwari/p/World-War-I-The-Fourteen-Poin ts. htm â€Å"Paper Analysis: Realist vs. Idealist† Essay001. blogspot. com Retrieved September 26, 2012 from http://essay001. blogspot. com/2007/11/realism-vs-idealism. html ———————– 1] Hickman, Kennedy. World War I: The Fourteen Points. Retrieved on September 26, 2012 from http:// militaryhistory. about. com/od/worldwari/p/World-War-I-The-Fourteen-Points. htm [2] Essay Mania. com. Woodrow Wilson-The Idealist Essay. Retrieved on September 26, 2012 from http://essaymania. com/110139/woodrow-wilson-the-idealist [3] Essay001. blogspot. com. Paper Analysis: Realist vs. Idealist. Retrieved on September 26, 2012 from http://essay001. blogspot. com/2007/11/realism-vs-idealism. html

School Unifoms

Part 1: Purpose The purpose of my bill is to give some children their freedom and creativity back, by allowing them to express how they feel through their clothes instead of wearing a uniform. Being able to tell a little bit about someone at first sight just by their clothes isn’t always bad. Even though school uniforms would make equality among the children, its also blocking their creativity and giving them the wrong message on how to look at things. People always say how horrible it is to judge people by what they wear or by what’s on the outside, but it’s not all stereotypical.Just by looking at someone you can tell a little bit about them, such as if they like different bands, or movies or games. You can tell if they don’t care about their appearance, or if they shop at expensive stores you can tell they might be wealthier. Clothes are a big way of expressing how you feel about different subjects. This bill will help people be able to do that. Another reason that we should not have uniforms is natural disasters. How would a parent identify their child? Most parents know what their children wear to school for the day, and it is a very easy way to pick out your child.Or another is what if a student with superiority attacked a younger age student how would they be able to describe their attacker or pick them out of a group if they all look the same. â€Å"School is a place where the next actors, writers, artists, politicians, inventors, designers and musicians are trained. School uniforms send a clear early-life message to students that comfort is important and creativity is not, that authority is allowed to abuse its power and constrain our constitutional right of free speech and expression.Students learn from uniforms that their individuality, political opinions and religious rights are unimportant, as is their education; students are regularly suspended for non compliance to the uniform code even if their school work is excelle nt. If uniform-requiring schools were actually in ‘the business of learning’ this would not occur† says Tara Maginnis. They’re all wearing the same uniform. I fear that as adults people don’t have the same opportunity as teenagers and children to express these things.As adults we can wear uniforms and suits, but children are not paid executives they should have the experience of wearing what they want, and by making them wear school uniforms we are taking away that experience. Suits and other formal clothes. can be saved for adults, but not for children. My bill will help kids experience these things. Many parents and teachers believe that enforcing school uniforms would create equality among the students. By creating this equality parents and teachers believe that it will cut down on bullying and peer pressure to dress nice.But unfortunately students will find other ways to bully a peer. Its also important for childrens minds to pick out their own c lothes to wear. It has been proven that alowing children to pick out their own clothes creates a better thinker, and independence. No parent or teacher wants their child/stufdent to believe that making everything equal is the way things work in the world, and wearing uniforms everyday will make them believe this. This bill will not allow any school in America to have school uniforms. This will include both public and private schools.This bill will support kids throughout America to express their creativity, outgoing styles, and unique personalities. Making children wear uniforms is against freedom of expression. We are containing our children’s creative minds by making them wear uniforms. Clothing is a very big way for children to express themselves and their personalities. The way they define themselves is not only through their feelings and actions, but also through their clothing. A child’s mind is growing and we are restricting them as children. We are crippling th eir young creative minds by making them wear the same uniform day after day.Parents and teachers should not have the right to take away a child’s creative minds. That is what this bill is for. Goals for this bill would be†¦  · give kids freedom to pick their own clothes  · give them their freedom of expression  · find other ways to deal with teasing and etc  · save money for parents, and the government  · show people who want uniforms why this bill is important  · give children their creativity and another way to express it  · get rid of some clothing stereotypes  · give them the experience These goals are very possible if this bill is passed.I will try my hardest to make them all happen if my bill is passed. The affects of this bill will be a big turning point for all the schools and students, and parents, when they realize that having uniforms is a bad thing, and it’s much better without them. This bill will need a lot of cooperation from schoolà ¢â‚¬â„¢s staff all around America. It will need to be enforced by the government, but in every school we are going to need to cooperation from all principal. They have a giant impact on what the children and parents believe is right for the school. This will mainly need to be enforced by the government.We need them to make sure that every school in America is following the rules that are in the bill. The government is the only one that can do that. Part 2: Definitions Superiority: A higher ranking or a higher status person. Crippling: Disabling, impairing, weakening. Non Compliance: Dont agree, refuse. Part 3: Date effective This bill will be going into affect August twentieth. This way it’s not in the middle of the school year and parents haven’t already spent money on expensive uniforms that their child won’t even be wearing for more than half of a school year.Part 4: Costs & Benefits This bill is not a big money issue. In the end, we will be saving parents, t he government, and the schools money. First by taking away uniforms you would think that the parents would end up losing money, but that is not how I see it. Once the parents buy the uniforms for the children they don’t have to buy any other clothes for school for their children. No child is going to wear their school uniform outside of school. The parents will end up purchasing just as many clothes and spending more money than the parents who don’t have to buy uniforms.That would be for public schools but then on the other hand, public schools are funded by the government. This way the government would save money too, by not having to buy uniforms for all of the public schools. Also if the schools did not have to ask for uniforms from the school, they could ask for more supplies for the buildings, and help the needs of the school. But I am fearful that the schools with uniforms will disagree, and we will end up making a compromise so that this bill will get passed.

Sustainable Management Futures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 2

Sustainable Management Futures - Essay Example But the main concern that is being asked by the people is when the economy will find the smooth path that is when the economy is expected to work according to the anticipations. The government must aim to attain higher growth than just making policies to deal with the storms that can affect the international economy. The Prime Minister believes that a better economy can be build under the current regime. According to him, human wealth and happiness can only be improved through open markets and free enterprise. The system of open market as well as and the free enterprise regime will generate progress to lift the people out of poverty and lay down the path of innovation. Open markets and free enterprise acts a bridge between contribution and reward. The idea of market that was presented by him is of something for something. This idea needs encouragement rather than condemn. Therefore, one should use the crisis of capitalism rather than undermining them. As the economy has experienced t he situation before, so the strengths and the weaknesses of the free market regime are known. All are certain of the situations where market works and where it fails. The prospects of globalization can slide into monopolization. Such situations will drive the small and the local players out of the market. Two problems can creep up in open market regime. The first problem that can creep in is vision of social responsibility and the second problem is the one of popular capitalism which allows all to share in the success of the open market. According to the minister, the previous government did not take the requisite steps to regulate capitalism. He opined that labor either went towards socialism or embraced capitalism. They did not realize that capitalism has negative aspects too. He declared that Tories have the capability to understand capitalism better and know how to deal with the worst excesses of the system. Capitalism can also be the resultant of loss of moral choices. An examp le of the banking system can be taken into account. Many people think that time calls for do something for the associated corruption and greed accrued in the banking system. One thing that is frequently missed by the people is that capitalism requires free market. The price and the quantity are determined by the market itself. The presence or absence of government can give rise to more economic problems. The government may not take the necessary steps and then blame the economic system. The politicians cry for regulations and continue to expand their power at the expense of the people. The time has come for involvement of more people in a genuinely popular capitalism. The last government claimed to get out from the boom and bust but what it really did was allowed the economy fuelled by debt to get out of control. The serious imbalances between the financial and manufacturing services were the resultant. The initiatives encouraged the debt to crop up higher as it needed to pay the ri sing costs of welfare. This paved the way for market failures. The previous government left all with a share of debt. People became concerned that they will lose purchasing power and the whole system lost confidence. The whole system ended up with

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 28

English - Essay Example On the other hand the number of troops in the UAE was 50,500 personnel on total, which is very less when compared to the US military. â€Å"In 2004 total active troops were estimated at 50,500 personnel: army, 44,000; navy, 2,500; and air force, 4,000. Estimates in 2005 raised the total to 59,000 personnel† (Pike). Currently the UAE military also known as the Union Defense Force consists of about 65,000 troops. The mission of the US armed forces is to conduct successful battles that must fulfill national achievement and retain superiority through defending all threats. â€Å"The Army’s mission is to fight and win our Nation’s wars by providing prompt, sustained land dominance across the full range of military operations and spectrum of conflict in support of combatant commanders† (US. Army). The mission of the UAE military is to maintain national security and peace in the country. The US military has been successful in most cases, especially when it comes to third world countries and Middle East countries like Afghanistan and Iraq. Though the UAE military hasn’t been as invasive as the US military, it is well equipped and ready to face any threat that comes its way. The Defense budget of the United States is the largest in the world. The total amount spend on the US military is around $583 billion each year. In the year 2009, â€Å"the White House is seeking $711 billion for the military† (Hellman & Sharp). â€Å"The UAE central defense budget has been set around USD2 billion to USD2.5 billion over the past decade† (Ripley & Foss). The US military actively appoints women to work in their armed forces. The women are usually appointed for a different section of the armed forces. The participation of women the US military has been remarkable over the years. In the UAE, women entered the military field at a much later time, as the UAE is primarily a Muslim country. There have been many restrictions on the action of women in the UAE military. However, times

Relationship Between Employee Commitment And Employee Engagement Assignment

Relationship Between Employee Commitment And Employee Engagement - Assignment Example Employees, who are committed to their organizations and highly engaged in their job, provide effective competitive advantages to the organizations in terms of higher output. Uncommitted employees do not bother about workplace performance and outputs. The committed employees tend to provide their total effort to fulfill their personal career goals and job responsibility. Engagement of an employee cannot possible without effective commitment towards the organization and seer hard work. Leaders or the managers of an organization play a vital role in employee engagement. It is important for a manager to provide value to the needs or satisfaction level of an employee in order to retrain employee commitment and employee engagement. Only a motivated employee can perform effectively in an organization. Progression of career is also an important and key employee retention tool. The employees will be happy to be engaged with their job and organization if they are provided effective career deve lopment opportunities, good work culture, and productive work environment. The effective organizational communication process is also an important employee retention tool. It will help an organization to achieve success. Committed employees are more engaged to their job and organization comparing to the uncommitted employees. Employee engagement, employer practices, work performance and business results are highly related to each other. It is the responsibility of the employers to motivate their employees to perform efficiently.

Leisure and technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leisure and technology - Essay Example In the contemporary world, things have taken a different direction especially after industrialization. The aspect of leisure time activities has been intertwined with technology. In most cases, the leisure-time mobility and activities have tended to develop through technology use (Castle, 2006). The technological aspects, which had previously been developed for military, scientific and commercial purposes, have shifted towards leisure-time use. Currently, new technologies concepts have a leisure-time use phase. Alternatively, technological devices tend to serve as prototypes for various models which are then adapted for leisure time use. New researches suggest that pervasive technological tools tend to be killing off leisure activities. The younger generation is the mostly affected by the aspect of technology and leisure. In most cases, students and the younger workers tend to work for longer hours hence taking shorter vacations. If they decide to go for the vacation, all they do is take their laptops, tabs and cell phones along. Most organizations also tend to encourage this aspect by recommending the use of internet to do organizational chores while on holiday. Examples of leisure activities, which have been affected by technology, include games, book reading among others. In the contemporary world, children and even the young adults prefer computer games during their leisure and not the real game on the ground (Castle, 2006). Football is nowadays played over the internet. Alternatively, people prefer to watch football or any other game on the television instead of going to the stadium to watch it live. Nowadays people do not spend their free time reading novels and magazines. With the introduction of the internet, most people prefer reading online articles and books. With modernization, traditional forms of leisure have been replaced

Subprime Meltdown Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Subprime Meltdown - Essay Example The article begins by discussing the case of New Century and revealing that it represented one of the biggest accounting failures at that time. At one end was the view that the accounting procedures used by the company were faulty and there were major red flags that the company did not watch out for. However, at the other end was the view that the failure of New Century was an inevitable outcome of the overall failure of the U. S Housing Industry and that the company was bound to come down in the midst of a failing market. However, the report does point out certain red flags that were not taken into account by the company and accounted for its failure. The major issue, as highlighted, was that the company did not undertake rigorous research effort into exploring the background of potential borrowers; that it had no benchmark for assessing the quality of its lending. One of the most obvious flaws was to rule out the income level of the borrower before lending him/her the loan; thus, l oans were lent despite insufficient collateral. Secondly, the company had been involved in unethical practices of advertising low rates that far deviated from the actual as a result of which the borrowers were awestruck when they had to pay the actual market rates. At the same time, the numbers were misleading. Although the dollar value of loans was said to have increased; the number of defaults increased by more than that creating a vicious cycle of debt for the lending companies. They were lending more and more for less and less backup; hence, in effect they were lending more than their ability to do so. What was more surprising was that the documentation to support these loans was often missing which simply meant that there was great room for fraud or misrepresentation. And that is exactly what happened. Individuals took loans even though they were not eligible for it which paved way for the crisis that followed. At this point one may raise the question that what was the company doing all this time? Was it being a silent watchdog, ignoring the entire activity or was it unaware of the situation? Does the responsibility of these malpractices lie with the management or not? The answer is unfortunately the former- the company’s top management did not encourage stringent check and balance; the internal controls were not in place making it very easy for individuals to commit fraud or misrepresent their backgrounds while acquiring the loans. No cross-checks were made. This is clearly evident in the findings of the article whereby it was revealed by the Court that fraudulent and unjustified alterations were made in the calculations of repurchases reserves and that, most importantly, these changes were made without any verification from higher authorities, documentation and approval. Another major inefficiency is highlighted by the case- that of fraudulent audit practices or the failure of audit department to ensure transparency by being bribed or influenced by the company they are auditing. This has been a common practice, especially where regulations are lax. However, even where regulations are stringent such practices exist and are difficult to trace before the revelation of the fraud. Hence, the

Using examples from the hospitality industry outline the triple bottom Essay

Using examples from the hospitality industry outline the triple bottom line concept of sustainable development and discuss the contradictions that are present in this model - Essay Example Sustainable development means growth and improvement in operations that last for longer periods without depreciating in value at a high rate. (flinkinghub.eselvier.com) From this, the benefits derived from the operations of the firm by the firm and societies are felt for a longer period. The economic and social developments gained open up the region for more trading opportunities through the externalities and multiplier effects. In the hospitality industry, resorts that have taken the 3Ps are such as the Sarova hotels in Kenya who sponsor sports events such as the Lewa marathon that has proceeds going to charity. Serena hotels in Kenya, sponsor youth art projects to promote the growth of young talent and reduce the level of youth unemployment in East Africa. The Mara resort employs local Maasai morans to act as tour guides and this reduces unemployment as well as increasing income for the community. Travel firms such as Kenya Airways sponsor sports activities. They have set aside 3 billion to cater for travel and sports gear and salaries for the Kenya 7s national rugby team. The airlines recruit and train their own employees from the local community. Every year, a team of 25 recruits is trained and offered fully paid aviation scholarships to South Africa. After the training, they are absorbed in Kenya Airways. In New Zealand, Air New Zealand offers discounted air fares and luxury class travel packages for t heir clients that fly frequently to certain tourism destinations. It is aimed at encouraging people to go on holidays. They have to save for their holidays. The more they travel, the better the service they get at Air New Zealand. In Arabella Western Cape Hotel, South Africa, they offer their clients chartered tours around the Cape. They encourage them to interact with the local and indulge in the rich South African culture. This is done to conserve and embrace the culture and traditions of the Africana and native South

Management consulting report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management consulting report - Essay Example Hence, it is important that management effectively manage the workplace and ensure that employees do not fear or resist both challenges and changes. An effective workplace management would strategically empower management and employees with the necessary skills that effectively manage life changes. Regardless of what changes they might face, managers and employees are drawn towards strategically preparing themselves towards the change process. Some of the work situations often encountered are: being criticized by others for one’s work, lack of job security, lack of recognition or appreciation for a good work, destructive conflicts between and among departments, poor supervision, small opportunities for growth and advancement, a too-high or a too-low stress level, departments that are constantly reorganized, a high fear of change, poor job fits, and poor working conditions (Topchick 2001). Given the mentioned situations, an employee is certainly not expected to be satisfied wit h his job and may probably contemplate about leaving his current post and find one that he perceives complying with his expectations of a good job. The firm will certainly fall into an unsecured environment in which goals and tasks are often unmet. This scenario only proves that giving specific attention to people resource is an important pursuit and a step towards this undertaking is how to make them feel empowered, secure, challenged, and nurtured through an effective conflict management of a workplace situation. Congruent to the work situation is giving due attention to effects of growth needs, management style, and job structure on job-related satisfactions, which the management must pay due relevance. As important facets of human resources, the work setting should also give appropriate focus and credit to these aspects. Studies show that there are interactive effects of individual growth needs, job richness, and